REDUCING SLIP AND FALLS AT ZERO-DEPTH ENTRIES

Having the right surfacing on zero-depth entry applications is often overlooked when renovating existing facilities or building new ones. This commonly slippery area presents a hydroplaning challenge for operators, staff, and guests alike due to the sloping surface leading into the water. Adding cushioned and slip-resistant materials at these entry points can enhance safety, design, and accessibility at any aquatic center.

What is a Zero-Depth Entry?

Zero-depth entries provide a gradually sloped surface leading from a dry deck into a shallow depth of water that progressively gets deeper. Occasionally, spray features, jets, and toys will be installed where there is no depth of water present or in shallower areas, essentially functioning as small splash pads.

Customizable surfacing options, such as Life Floor, can integrate games, shapes, or activities into these areas before the depth of water increases to add additional engagement, create themed designs, and provide improved safety.

SURFACE Design of ZERO-DEPTH ENTRIES

Sometimes, it’s difficult for guests to visualize how deep water is becoming and how quickly. Gradients and colors that symbolize shorelines and water depth can be a good visual indicator of zones. For example, a walkway or lounge chair area can have tan colors that resemble sandy beaches while light blues can represent shallow water, gradually developing into darker colors as water depth increases.

In some states within the USA, pool codes require specific surfacing color options under certain depths of water. Internationally, restrictions are often less limiting, allowing for colorful designs that can extend deep underwater.

Wave Pools

Wave pools are a popular example of zero-depth entries and include the added challenge of active waves and currents.

Children often linger and play in the shallow depths of wave pools. This can be dangerous when inner tubes float towards the shore either empty or with guests in them since they can knock small children over and cause impacts with the surface. The youngest of guests may require extra balance to stand confidently in these dynamic areas. Older children and adults may also drift into shallow depths or recline on the surface while partially submerged.

Safety surfacing such as Life Floor that is slip-resistant and cushioned helps to increase comfort while adding safety to avoid incidents. Harder or more abrasive surfacing options can limit the types of play and interaction that happen within these areas.

Zero-Depth Entry Play Areas

Zero-depth entries for younger children have gained in popularity at indoor aquatic centers as alternatives to kiddie pools. These areas complement larger pool decks, hot tubs, slides, and other amenities for older guests that are offered.

These spaces are often a hybrid of small-scale elevated structures and spray toys tailored to small children. Toddler slides, collaborative activities, and safety surfaces all contribute to longer visits, increased play value, and overall comfort.

By increasing the surrounding comfort of these areas, caretakers and parents can have greater peace of mind and enjoy these experiences alongside their children and families for a full day of fun.

SMALL SPACES

Having an accessible, comfortable, and fun aquatic amenity regardless of size will contribute to positive guest memories and return visits. Small zero-depth entries can utilize safety surfacing in unique ways.

Some of our municipal clients choose to bundle surfacing for multiple small areas across their city to improve multiple small spaces such as zero-depth entries, splash pads, and landing pads for water slide exits.

Regardless of size, use, or design, adding safety surfacing to zero-depth entries helps to reduce slip and fall incidents while also improving aesthetics and overall guest experience. Keeping these zones in mind when designing aquatic facilities can completely transform the way visitors experience these accessible entry points.

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To learn more about how you can improve the safety and design of your zero-depth entry, contact us and find out how you can receive a complementary design rendering tailored to your facility.

Methods to Reduce Surfacing-Related Drowning Risks

“All over the world, infants and toddlers drown more frequently than people at any other age. In this age group drowning is the leading cause of death, followed by accidents in and around the home and road traffic accidents. Inadequate supervision, an inability to swim, and lack of barriers separating toddlers from pools and other water are the main causes of drownings of small children… The vast majority of drownings occur in open water: the sea, lakes, ponds, rivers. However, drownings occur in all water including swimming pools and bathtubs. Small children have been known to drown in just a few inches of water - in buckets and ditches for example.”

— Santa Maria Law, Davie, FL

The most common causes of drowning include a lack of swimming ability, a lack of barriers, a lack of close supervision, failure to wear life jackets, alcohol use, and seizure disorders according to the CDC. Less common risks can still be prevented by paying closer attention to potential hazards at the surface level. Safety standards and recommended best practices should be followed wherever possible to further reduce potential for injury and drowning incidents at both pools and splash pads.

Pools

Swimming pools are generally associated with having a high risk of drowning due to significant standing water. In addition to standard safety measures like encouraging swim lessons, posting lifeguards, and having guests keep an eye on the members of their groups, there are some additional ways that facilities can reduce risk associated with injuries that may lead to drowning accidents.

Edge Pads and Lily Pad Walk Landings

Edge pads and lily pad walk landings are the aquatic counterparts to dry playground landings present at either end of zip lines, monkey bars, and other crossing-related activities. Having a cushioned surface at either end of a lily pad crossing or similar activity allows for a safer landing. These protected landings can help reduce injuries associated with missteps if the individual were to come into contact with the pool edge. If the pool edge is not cushioned in these applications, concussive injuries can result from missed footholds and lead to drowning accidents if unseen by facility staff or a member of the individual’s group.

Landing Pads

Water slide exits are an important part of a facility’s operation. Ensuring that there are landing pads at the bottom of slides enables people at the bottom of slide run-outs to enter the pool and exit more safely. Unsafe slide run-outs, especially ones that are submerged and lead into the rest of a pool, can result in trip-and-fall accidents or missed landings which propel guests into the pool. Exiting a slide at a higher than usual velocity can result in collisions with other guests, submersion, and impact-related injuries such as stubbed toes, scraped legs, and cut feet on pool bottoms. Using landing pads in these locations can help prevent many of these incidents.

Drains and Filters

Drains and filters often go unnoticed until they cause issues or injuries. Grating that is too wide can entrap fingers and toes and result in injuries in close proximity to the pool edge. To learn more about recommended best practices, reference this Whitepaper by Daldorado to help you mitigate risk at your facility related to drains. Filtration and drainage systems that do not have proper covers are also hazardous and can introduce risk into the environment by allowing access to guests that should not have access to per the ANSI/APSP-16-2009 and soon the ANSI/APSP-16 2017 performance standards. Making sure that these covers are code-compliant is essential in ensuring that guests are not at risk for entrapment injury or drowning. 

Edge Surfacing 

Many drownings are a result of unintended submersion in water, especially when paired with an inability to swim. For this reason, the treatment of surfaces along the edge of pools should be considered to ensure that guests don’t accidentally slip and fall into the water. Replacing slippery ceramic tile or stone with a textured surface that has enough traction to provide steady footing could help reduce this risk. Zero-depth-entries can similarly benefit from this treatment.  

Splash Pads

Many facilities have chosen to replace public pools with splash pads to provide aquatic recreation while drastically reducing drowning risks. While incidents are much lower with little to no pooling water, some potential still exists, especially with more limited supervision. Drowning awareness is common in places that have been historically associated with related risk such as pools or other large bodies of water. While large bodies of water are the most common places where drowning is likely to occur, “most drownings happen in environments and during activities unsupervised by lifeguards,” according to the International Life Saving Federation.

Splash pads in the U.S. do not typically have lifeguards present due to water not surpassing a few inches in depth at most. It should be noted that drowning risk is still a factor wherever water is present, especially for young children. 

Proper Supervision 

Imagine a warm summer day at a splash pad with several families with young children playing in the water features. Parents and caretakers may be socializing, relaxing nearby, and checking in with their children periodically. In an instant, two children could collide or a child could slip on slippery concrete, stone, or tile and knock themselves out on that same hard surface. If that unconscious child was too close to a water feature or pooling puddle, they would be at increased drowning risk if their guardian was not paying attention. 

In order to help prevent situations like this from occurring, there are some ways to be more vigilant about safety. Caretakers should consistently watch their children and avoid distractions. Facility operators can take steps toward mitigating risk at splash pads by ensuring drains are working properly and by investing in safety surfacing that reduces risk of slip and fall injuries by having slip-resistant and cushioned properties.

Safety Surfacing 

Safety surfacing is a good feature to include on a splash pad, pool deck, or any other aquatic facility to mitigate facility risk, especially when choosing a safety surface tested and certified by an independent third party organization. Slip-resistance helps prevent slip and fall accidents, cushioning helps protect falls if they occur, and having an impermeable and cleanable surface means that microbial growth is not supported and the surface is easier to maintain and keep hygienic. Cushioned safety surfacing also helps protect children when collisions happen during play and can help prevent risks associated with becoming unconscious or falling into a nearby body of water.

Conclusion

It’s important to be aware of drowning risks in aquatics and to ensure that your facility is taking steps to mitigate risk wherever possible. Choosing safer options at the surface level and re-evaluating more traditional materials like concrete and tile can help to reduce risk of injuries.

In order to help mitigate risks associated with drowning and near-drowning accidents, we recommend that your staff evaluates your facility from a guest’s perspective. Slide down slides, cross lily pad landings, and engage with the facility as they would. Take notice of what is uncomfortable, pay attention to areas that commonly experience incident reports, and take steps to remediate those issues.

“According to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database, in 2014 alone, estimated 20,000 injuries occurred on pool decks, splash pads or water parks, resulting in emergency room visits. The common denominator in all these splash pad injuries is the surfacing. From personal research that I conducted after visiting this particular splash pad, the most common splash pad surface is concrete, often treated with an abrasive coating. With the leading cause of admission to Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt being unintentional pediatric falls, this type of flooring is concerning.”

— Emily Riley, a former injury prevention program manager for Be in the Zone at Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital

A Safer, More Durable Landing Pad Solution

Here at Life Floor, every project we do that prevents even one guest’s injury or saves operational staff from a single headache is considered a success for our team. We know that even the smallest area can be a significant pain point for facilities and lead to numerous injury reports. Our mission has always been to reduce slip and falls, concussions, road rash, and all other injuries related to falls for the benefit of visitors and facility staff alike. That’s why we’ve improved our landing pads for water slides and are excited to announce a relaunch that makes ordering and installation easier than ever, with a product more budget-friendly, durable, and safer for everyone.

Traditional slide landing pads are made with an impervious shell that has a consistent flaw in design; the cushioning and the waterproofing are viewed as separate elements. After repeated impact as guests exit a slide, the protective shell often fails leaving the padding exposed to water. From there, traditional landing pads can grow mold, the sharp edges of the failed protective shell can cause injuries, and pieces of foam can leak into the pool during peak busy season. These traditional landing pads are also typically bolted down to the pool bottom, which can result in tripping hazards, injuries from cuts caused by the metal, or sprained toes during slide exits.

With Life Floor, our product’s inherent non-absorbent and impact cushioning qualities are built into our landing pads: no coatings, protective shells, or bolts required. Instead of bolts, Life Floor landing pads are adhered to the pool bottom with construction-grade, solvent-based contact cement, which can be found at a local hardware or flooring supply store.

We decided to simplify our landing pads that we’ve offered in the past by eliminating the need for transition strips at the edges. Instead, the outside edge of each landing pad is beveled to account for the transition needed for a safer exit. This new feature further increases overall durability and the ease of install for our landing pads.

Each Life Floor landing pad has a 4 ft (121.92 cm) critical fall height, 5-year material warranty, and non-abrasive slip-resistance for a safer exit every time. Our landing pads are created out of modular 2 ft (60.96 cm) square tiles so they can be customized to fit anywhere operators need to install them. In the event that any damage ever occurs, our modular design allows for only the compromised tiles to be replaced, which helps save on overall cost.

Our goal is to provide aquatic spaces with the most straightforward landing pad solutions possible. Regular wear or damage to landing pads and numerous injury reports shouldn’t be a burden on your facility—we’re here to simplify the process with a product committed to safety. 

Ease of Ordering to Reduce Downtime for your Facility

In an effort to reduce your facility downtime and minimize product lead times, we have created an online storefront that allows you to order the most common sizes of landing pads directly. Standard size offerings include 4’x4’, 4’x6’, 4’x8’, 6’x6’, and 6’x8’.* Lead times for these standard sizes are approximately 5-7 days once your order is received.

Looking for something outside the box? Our customized landing pads aren’t disappearing - if you need a custom landing pad, please contact us directly through our Request a Quote form and we will work with you to fulfill your request. 

In a further effort to save your facility time and cost, we have created Installation Manuals for our landing pads, which include instructions on installing your landing pad in-house and a guide to select the right adhesive. Adhesives we recommend can typically be found at your local hardware store or flooring store. 

* Metric dimensions of standard landing pads are 121.92 x 121.92 cm, 121.92 x 182.88 cm, 121.92 x 243.84 cm, 182.88 x 182.88 cm, and 182.88 x 243.84 cm.

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We look forward to working with you to find the right solution for your facility that provides greater safety and comfort for your guests.